Goetia. Breve Descripción Introductoria

La siguiente introducción se remite a los temas o partes del conjunto de la Clavícula de Salomonis, en puridad el Goetia es solo la primera parte, el denominado de los "Espíritus del Mal", no obstante, la descripción que da de ellos el propio Goetia hace preguntarse en donde radica la definición de maldad de los mismos o de muchos de los mismos.

La cuestión del mal y el bien no la enfocamos desde un punto de vista concerniente a una naturaleza intrínseca "mala o buena" sino a una determinadas consecuencias de acciones fruto de decisiones, pero la clasificación que presenta el Goetia no alude a nada de eso, ni siquiera a la naturaleza intrínseca, casi parece nominalista, dicho de otra manera, un espíritu es malo por ser determinado espíritu, pero no es un asunto conceptual, lo es del caso particular, cierto que es algo intrínseco pero lo que no es es genérico.

Sobre las otras cuatro partes, de la Clavicula Salomonis que vienen mencionada en la "Breve Descripción Introductoria" desarrollan temás que en parte vienen descritos en una recopilación anterior, de 1888, de MacGregor Mathers, en concreto se trata de la "Clave Mayor de Salomón", recordemos que el "Goetia" es la "Clave Menor de Salomón", en la "Clave Mayor" aparecen también formulas, rituales y los momentos apropiados para llevarlos a cabo, así como referencias al "Goetia", pero, en todo caso, se trata de dos obras diferentes.

BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN INTRODUCTORIA

(N.B. Esta descripción está tomada de varios manuscritos y códices de los cuales las cuatro principales variantes se fusionaron. en una sola.)

CLAVICULA SALOMONIS REGIS

que contiene todos los Nombres, Oficios y Órdenes de todos los Espíritus con los que él conversó, con los Sellos y Caracteres de cada uno y la forma de invocarlos en apariencia visible:

Consta de cinco partes, a saber:

1. La Primera Parte es un Libro de Espíritus del Mal, llamado Goecia, que muestra cómo él sometió a esos Espíritus y los usó para realizar tareas de diversa índole, por lo que adquirió gran fama.

2. La Segunda Parte es un Libro de Espíritus en parte malos y en parte buenos, llamado Teurgia-Goecia, que contiene espíritus aéreos, etcétera.

3. La Tercera Parte trata de los Espíritus que gobiernan las horas planetarias, y qué espíritus corresponden a cada grado de los signos del Zodiaco y los planetas de los signos. Llamado el Arte Paulino.

4. La Cuarta Parte de este libro se llama Almadel o Salomón y contiene los espíritus que gobiernan las Cuatro Alturas, o los 360 grados del Zodiaco. Estas últimas dos Órdenes de los Espíritus son buenas, y deben buscarse por investigación divina. Se les llama Teurgia.

5. La Quinta Parte es un Libro de Oraciones y Plegarias que el sabio Salomón acostumbraba decir sobre el altar del Templo. Se le llama Ars Nova, y fue revelado a Salomón por el Santo Ángel de Dios llamado Michael; y también recibió muchas notas escritas por el dedo de Dios que le fueron declaradas por el Ángel mencionado con ruido de truenos y sin las cuales Salomón jamás habría logrado su gran conocimiento, ya que con estas notas logró en poco tiempo conocer todas las ciencias y artes tanto buenas como malas. A estas notas se les llama Arte Notario, etcétera.

A continuación la versión original en inglés, que se extiende más a lo largo de esta nota introductoria, en realidad viene a recoger diversas versiones de la misma que, en lo esencial, no muestran ningún cambio significativo.

THE BRIEF INTRODUCTORY DESCRIPTION.

(N.B. This is taken from several MS. Codices, of which the four principal variations are here composed together in parallel columns as an example of the close agreement of the various texts of the Lemegeton. For in the whole work the differences in the wording of the various Codices are not sufficient to require the constant giving of parallel readings; but except in the more ancient examples there is much deterioration in the Seals and Sigils, so that in this latter respect the more recent exemplars are not entirely reliable.)

CLAVICULA SALOMONIS REGIS,

which containeth all the Names, Offices, and Orders of all the Spirits that ever he had converse with, with the Seals and Characters to each Spirit and the manner of calling them forth to visible appearance:

In 5 parts, viz.:

(1) THE FIRST PART is a Book of Evil Spirits, called GOETIA, showing how he bound up those Spirits, and used them in general things, whereby he obtained great fame.

(2) THE SECOND PART is a Book of Spirits, partly Evil and partly Good, which is named THEURGIA-GOETIA, all Aërial Spirits, etc.

(3) THE THIRD PART is of Spirits governing the Planetary Hours, and what Spirits belong to every degree, of the Signs, and Planets in the Signs. Called the PAULINE ART, etc.

(4) THE FOURTH PART of this Book is called ALMADEL or SOLOMON, whichcontaineth those Spirits which govern the Four Altitudes, or the 360 Degrees of the Zodiac.

These two last Orders of Spirits are Good, and to be sought for by Divin seeking, etc., and are called THEURGIA.

(5) THE FIFTH PART is a Book of Orations and Prayers that Wise Solomon used upon the Altar in the Temple. The which is called ARS NOVA, which was revealed unto Solomon by that Holy Angel of God called MICHAEL; and he also received many brief Notes written with the Finger of God, which were declared to him by the said Angel with Claps of Thunder; without which Notes King Solomon had never obtained his great knowledge, for by them in a short time he knew all Arts and Sciences both Good and Bad; from these Notes it is called the NOTARY ART, etc.

THE WHOLE LEMEGETON OR CLAVICULA.

Now this Book containeth all the Names, Orders, and Offices of all the Spirits with which Solomon ever conversed, the Seals and Characters belonging to each Spirit, and the manner of calling them forth to visible appearance:

Divided into 5 special Books or parts, viz.:

(1) THE FIRST BOOK, or PART, which is a Book concerning Spirits of Evil, and which is termed THE GOETIA OF SOLOMON, sheweth forth his manner of binding these Spirits for use in things divers. And hereby did he acquire great renown.

(2) THE SECOND BOOK is one which treateth of Spirits mingled of Good and Evil Natures, the which is entitled THE THEURGIA-GOETIA, or the Magical Wisdom of the Spirits Aërial, whereof some do abide, but certain do wander and abide not.

(3) THE THIRD BOOK, called ARS PAULINA, or THE ART PAULINE, treateth of the Spirits allotted unto every degree of the 360 Degrees of the Zodiac; and also of theSigns, and of the Planets in the Signs, as well as of the Hours.

4) THE FOURTH BOOK, called ARS ALMADEL SALOMONIS, or THE ART ALMADEL OF SOLOMON, concerneth those Spirits which be set over the Quaternary of the Altitudes. These two last mentioned Books, the ART PAULINE and the ART ALMADEL, do relate unto Good Spirits alone, whose knowledge is to be obtained through seeking unto the Divine. These two Books be also classed together under the Name of the First and Second Parts of the Book THEURGIA OF SOLOMON.

(5) THE FIFTH BOOK of the Lemegeton is one of Prayers and Orations. The which Solomon the Wise did use upon the Altar in the Temple. And the titles hereof be ARS NOVA, the NEW ART, and ARS NOTARIA, the NOTARY ART. The which was revealed to him by MICHAEL, that Holy Angel of God, in thunder and in lightning, and he further did receive by the aforesaid Angel certain Notes written by the Hand of God, without the which that Great King had never attained unto his great Wisdom, for thus he knew all things and all Sciences and Arts whether Good or Evil.

CLAVICULA SALOMONIS REGIS,

which containeth all the Names, Offices, and Orders of all the Spirits with. whom he ever held any converse; together with the Seals and Characters proper unto each Spirit, and the method of calling them forth to visible appearance:

In 5 parts, viz.:

(1) THE FIRST PART is a Book of Evil Spirits, called GOETIA, showing how he bound up those Spirits and used them in things general and several, whereby he obtained great fame.

(2) THE SECOND PART is a Book of Spirits, partly Evil and partly Good, which is called THEURGIA-GOETIA, all Aerial Spirits, etc.

(3) THE THIRD PART is of Spirits governing the Planetary Hours, and of what Spirits do belong to every Degree of the Signs, and of the Planets in the Signs. This is called the PAULINE ART, etc.

(4) THE FOURTH PART of this Book is called ALMADEL OF SOLOMON, the which containeth those Spirits which do govern the Four Altitudes, or the 360 Degrees of the Zodiac.

These two last Orders of Spirits are Good, and are called THEURGIA, and are to be sought for by Divine seeking, etc.

(5) THE FIFTH PART is a Book of Orations and Prayers which Wise Solomon did use upon the Altar in the Temple. The which is called ARS NOVA, the which was revealed to Solomon by that Holy Angel of God called Michael; and he also received many brief Notes written with the Finger of God, which were declared to him by the said Angel with Claps of Thunder; without which Notes King Solomon had never obtained his Great Wisdom, for by them in short time he gained Knowledge of all Arts and Sciences both Good and Bad; from these Notes it is called THE NOTARY ART, etc.

Jorge Romero Gil

Bibliografía

Goetia. Compiled and translated by S.L. MacGregor Mathers Editing and Additional Material by Aleister Crowley

MacGregor Matthers, S.L. y Crowley, A., Goecia. La Clave Menor del Rey Salomón. El Libro de los Espíritus, Editora y Distribuidora Yug, 1992.

Regardie, I., La Aurora Dorada. Un Compendio de las enseñanzas, ritos y ceremonias de la Orden de la Aurora Dorada. Revisada y aumentada. Editada en cuatro volumenes. Luis Carcamo Editor, Madrid.